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The agency first became a civilian enterprise in 1890, when it became part of the Department of Agriculture. While a debate went on between the Signal Service and Congress over whether the forecasting of weather conditions should be handled by civilian agencies or the Signal Service's existing forecast office, a Congressional committee was formed to oversee the matter, recommending that the office's operations be transferred to the Department of War following a two-year investigation.

In his earlier role as the civilian assistant to the chief of the Signal Service, Abbe urged the Department of War to research weather conditions to provide a scientific basis behind the forecasts he would continue to urge the study of meteorology as a science after becoming Weather Bureau chief. Ībbe was appointed as the Bureau's first chief meteorologist. General Myer gave the National Weather Service its first name: The Division of Telegrams and Reports for the Benefit of Commerce. Army Signal Service under Brigadier General Albert J. and for giving notice on the northern (Great) Lakes and on the seacoast by magnetic telegraph and marine signals, of the approach and force of storms.' The agency was placed under the Secretary of War as Congress felt 'military discipline would probably secure the greatest promptness, regularity, and accuracy in the required observations.' Within the Department of War, it was assigned to the U.S. Grant with a mission to 'provide for taking meteorological observations at the military stations in the interior of the continent and at other points in the States and Territories. In 1870, the Weather Bureau of the United States was established through a joint resolution of Congress signed by President Ulysses S. Paine introduced a bill to provide the funding.

Lapham of Wisconsin lobbied Congress to create such a service, having witnessed the destructive power of storms in the Great Lakes region. In 1869, Cleveland Abbe began developing probabilistic forecasts using daily weather data sent via telegraph by the Cincinnati Chamber of Commerce and Western Union, which he convinced to back the collection of such information. History NWS HQ in Silver Spring, Maryland 1870-1899 Ĭalls for the creation of a government weather bureau began as early as 1844, when the electrical telegraph was introduced.

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federal government, most of its products are in the public domain and available free of charge. The NWS performs its primary task through a collection of national and regional centers, and 122 local Weather Forecast Offices (WFOs).

The agency was known as the United States Weather Bureau from 1890 until it adopted its current name in 1970. It is a part of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) branch of the Department of Commerce, and is headquartered in Silver Spring, Maryland, within the Washington metropolitan area.

The National Weather Service ( NWS) is an agency of the United States federal government that is tasked with providing weather forecasts, warnings of hazardous weather, and other weather-related products to organizations and the public for the purposes of protection, safety, and general information.

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